* Diffraction
Diffraction is a phenomenon in which a wave spreads from the end of a small gap or returns to the shadow of an obstacle.
Huygens principle is the principle that countless spherical waves are generated at each wavefront point, and the wavefront of the next moment is created by overlapping the countless spherical waves.
When the slit width is greater than the wavelength, the diffraction angle is small, and when the slit width is smaller than the wavelength, the diffraction angle is large.
* Diffraction Range
1) Kirchhoff Diffraction Region (Z > ㅅ/2)
2) Fresnel Diffraction Region (Z >> W)
3) Fraunhofer Diffration Region (Z >> ㅠW^2 / ㅅ)
* Refraction
When light enters water, it bends because the speed of light slows down.
This is because water molecules slow down the propagation of light.
This difference in speed causes the direction of travel to change. That is, a refraction phenomenon appears.
The speed of light in water is 22.5 km/s and the index of refraction is 1.33. The speed of light in diamond is 12.4 km/s and the index of refraction is 2.42.
The law of refraction (Snell's law) is a law that indicates the degree of refraction due to the speed of passage of light as it passes when materials with different refractive indices are attached.
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